HEAVY METAL CONTENTS OF ONDA TANTALITE MINING AREA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Keywords:
Tantalite;, mining;, heavy metals;, contamination;, pollution;
Abstract
Heavy metal contents in soil from Onda tantalite mining area were studied. Thirty and ten soil samples were collected from the mining area and control site, respectively, using a hand auger. The soil samples were analysed for heavy metals; Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, AAS. The results obtained showed that the mean concentrations for the respective metals above were 9.38±2.98, 18.25±5.32, 40.29±8.47, 34.40±8.77, 1590.57±403.46, 53.10±11.65, 188.57±41.13, ND and 620.44±91.47 mg/kg in soils from the mining area and 6.40±1.99, 21.00±3.68, ND, 36.36±5.26, 1195.95±314.52, 31.24±6.93, 143.23±28.26, ND and 564.15±120.82 mg/kg for soils from the control site. The mean metal contents from the mining site were all higher than those from the control site due to mining activities, except for Co and Cu but were all lower compared to the recommended permissible limits by WHO except for Cd and Zn. The EF, CF, PLI, ERI and PERI evaluated for metals from the mining site show no imminent danger. However, there is the need for constant and regular monitoring of the level of heavy metals in soil from the site because of accumulation overtime, and soil remediation should be employed to take care of cadmium and zinc.
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Cogent environment Science, 4, 1, 2018, 1-21.
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mixing in Anka, Zamfara State, North-Western Nigeria: The Continued unabated Zamfar Lead Poisoning”.
Journal of Earth Science and Engineering, 3, 1, 2013, 764-775.
[3] P. N. Nnabo, “Heavy metals distribution and contamination in soils around Enyigba Pb -Zu Mines
District, South Eastern Nigeria”. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 5, 16, 2015, 38-53
[4] O. D. Opaluwa, Y. A. Iyaka, N. N. Ndanitso, & I. N. Abdullahi, I. N., “Effect of mining operation on the
level of heavy metals in soil from area around tantalite mines in Ogapa Otto, Nasarawa State, Nigeria”.
FUW Trends in Science and Technology Journal, 4, 2, 2019, 313-318.
[5] S. E. Abiya, B. O. Odiyi, F. A. Olugundudu, O. J. Akinnifesi, & S. Akadiri, “Assessment of heavy metal
pollution in a gold mining site in Southwestern Nigeria”. Journal of Technology and Bioresearch, 1, 4,
2018, 1-5.
[6] V. L. Akwa, N. L. Binbol, K. I. Samaila, & N. D. Marcus, “Geographical perspective on Nasarawa State”,
first edition, (Onaivi printing and publishing company limited, Keffi, Nasarawa State, 2007), 1 – 12.
[7] S. L. Alfred, B. M. Khumoetsile, & K. G. Gilbert, “Assessment of heavy metal enrichment and degree of
contamination around the copper-metal mine in the Selabi Region, Eastern Botswana”. Environmental and
Ecology Research, 1, 2, 2013, 32-40.
[8] B. Maurizio, “The importance of enrichment factor (EF) and accumulation index (Igeo) to evaluate soil
contamination”. Barbieri M, Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 5, 1, 2016, 1 – 4.
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statistical approach”. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 6, 3, 2014, 118 – 126.
[10] L. Hakanson, “An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control. A sedimentological approach”. Water
Research, 14, 8, 1980, 975 – 1001. doi:10.1016/00431354(80)90143 – 8
http://www.answercom/topic/heacymetals
[11] Z. Wang, Y. Wang, L. Chen, C. Yan, Y. Yan, & Q. Chi, “Assessment of metal contamination in coastal
sediments of the Maluan Bay (China) using geochemical indices and a multivariate statistical approach”.
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 99, 1 – 2, 2015, 43 – 53.
[12] WHO, “Guidelines for Drinking Water”. World Health Organization. Geneva: WHO, 2014
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heavy metal in soils from a typical Pb-Zu mining Area”. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 26, 3,
2017, 1105-1112.
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contamination in the abandoned Pbmines of Zaida (Morocco)”. European Journal of Scientific Research,
129, 2, 2015, 167 – 178.
[15] U. Ewers, "Standards, Guidelines and Legislative Regulations concerning metals and their compounds. In
metals and their compounds in the environment; Occurrence: Merian, E., Ed., Analysis and Biological
Relevance, VCH: Weinheim” 1991, 458 – 68.
[16] A. M. Shibdawa, S. Lubis, H. Adamu, & J. J. Ibehekure, “Determination of Heavy metal consideration in
soils used for cultivation of vegetables in Dorowa Mining Area of BarkinLadi, Plateau State, Nigeria”.
ATBU, Journal of Science Technology and Education, 7, 1, 2019, 301-308.
[17] M. Ali, A. Elhagwa, J. Elfaaki, & M. Suleiman, “Influence of the artisanal gold mining on soil
contamination with heavy metals: A case study from Dar-Mali locality, North of Atbara, River Nile State,
Sudan”. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 6, 1, 2017, 28 – 36.
[18] E. O. Chidi, N. A. Emmanuel, C. U. Ositadinma, & O. Olawale, “Heavy metal concentration and
physicochemical properties of soil in the lead-zinc mining area of Ishiagu, Nigeria”. Journal of
Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 31, 10, 2013, 61-69.
[19] B. J. Alloway, “Introduction to Heavy Metals in the Soils”, 2nd Ed., Blackies Academic and Professional
Press, London, 1995, 1 – 497.
[20] F. Y. Alshebi, Z. W. Y. Wan, A. R. Samsudin, & E. I. Alsabahi, "Risk in Abandoned Tin Mine in Sungai
Lembing, Pahang, Malaysia.” Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1, 2009, 1 – 10.
[21] P. K. Sahoo, S. M. Equeenuddin, & M. A. Powell, “Trace elements in soils around coal mines: Current
scenario, Impact and available techniques for management”. Pollution Report, 2, 2016, 1 – 4.
[22] G. C. Kiran, “Studies of physicochemical parameters of soil samples". Advances in Applied Science
Research, 4, 6, 2013, 246 – 248.
[23] B. T. Edith-Etakah, M. Shapi, J. Penaye, M. E. Mimba, S. C. NguemheFils, D. S. Nadasan, T. C. Davies, &
M. A. Jordan, “Background concentrations of potentially harmful elements in the soils of the Kette-
Batouri Region, Eastern Cameroon”. Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology, 11, 2017, 40 – 54.
[24] Y. Barkouch, & A. Pineau, “Speciation of four heavy metals in agricultural soil around Draa Lasfarmine
Area in Marrakech (Morocco)”. .Pollution, 1, 3, 2015, 257-264.
[25] L. Demokova, T. Jezny, & L. Bobulska, “Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution in a former mining area- before and after the end of mining activities”. Soil and Water Resources, 1, 1, 2016, 1 – 8.
