Moth Bean (Vigna aconitifolia) as Potential Supplement to Evaluate the Weight Gain in Wistar Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Loganathan Venipriyadharshini; Kandasamy Kavitha

doi:10.52756/ijerr.2023.v36.012

Loganathan Venipriyadharshini Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Periyar University, Salem, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-1000
Kandasamy Kavitha Department of Foods and Nutrition, Vellalar College for Women, Erode, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0748-0022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v36.012

Keywords: Body Weight, Histological Studies, upplementation, Vigna aconitifolia, Water and Food Intake

Abstract

Vigna aconitifolia is an essential crop in Indian agriculture, predominantly cultivated in India. It is acknowledged for its significant nutritional value and its affordability, making it a valuable dietary choice for individuals facing economic challenges. This study investigates the potential of ungerminated and germinated Vigna aconitifolia seeds as a dietary supplement to evaluate their effects on weight growth and general health in Wistar Albino Rats. The Wistar Albino Rats were categorized into three groups viz., Group I (Control), Group II (Fed with ungerminated Vigna aconitifolia) and Group III (Fed with germinated Vigna aconitifolia). The rats were given unrestricted access to water and food for a duration of 28 days. Water and food consumption and changes in body weight were observed on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. On day 29, animals were killed and their kidneys and intestines histopathologically examined. Although the ungerminated and germinated groups consumed similar amounts of water, both consumed more than the control group. On the 28^th day, ungerminated Vigna aconitifolia had significantly lower food intake compared to germinated and regular feed groups (P<0.05). Rats given both ungerminated and germinated seeds gained more weight. All groups had normal kidney histology, with no tubular epithelial cell degeneration or congestion. Rats administered ungerminated and germinated Vigna aconitifolia had villi, mucus-secreting epithelium and glands in their ileums but no hyperplasia or edema. The study found that Wistar Albino Rats gain weight when supplemented with germinated Vigna aconitifolia. This shows it could be a growth-promoting nutritional supplement. Further research is needed to determine the fundamental processes behind the claimed effects.

References

Bhadkaria, A., Srivastava, N., &Bhagyawant, S. S. (2021). A prospective of underutilized legume moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechàl]: phytochemical profiling, bioactive compounds and in vitro pharmacological studies. Food Biosci., 42, 1101088. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101088

Bhadra, M., Paul, P., Das, T., & Mukhopadhyay, A. (2018). Physical growth pattern and nutritional status among adolescent Bhumij boys of Khatra Block, Bankura District, West Bengal, India. International Journal of Experimental Research and Review, 16, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2018.v16.001

Bouchenak, M., & Lamri-Senhadji, M. (2013). Nutritional quality of legumes, and their role in cardiometabolic risk prevention: a review. J. Med. Food., 16(3), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2011.0238

Brink, M., & Jansen, P. C. M. (2006). (Jacq.) maréchal, in PROTA (Plant resources of tropical Africa/Ressourcesvégétales de l’Afriquetropicale). Eds. Brink, M., Belay, G. (Wageningen, Netherlands: PROTA Foundation).

De Candolle, A. (1986). Origin of cultivated plants Vol. 235 (USA: Hafner Publ. Co).

Eissa, M. I., El-Sherbiny, M. A., & Ibrahim, A. M. (2019). Biochemical and Histopathological studies on female and male Wistar rats fed on genetically modified soybean meals (Roundup Ready). JoBAZ, 80, 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-019-0114-2

Erdman, J. W. (1979). Oilseed phytates: nutritional implications. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 56(8), 736–741. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02663052

Ghimire, S., Khanal, A., Kohar, G., Acharya, B., Basnet, A., Kandel, P., Subedi, B., & Dhakal, K. (2017). Variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis of yield attributing traits in different genotypes of Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) in Rupandehi, Nepal. International Journal of Experimental Research and Review, 13, 18-25.

Gupta, N., Shrivastava, N., Singh, P. K., & Bhagyawant, S. S. (2016). Phytochemical evaluation of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia L.) seeds and their divergence. Biochem. Res. Int., 2016, 128–133.

Hore, P., & Tanti, B. (2023). Toxic effect of 2,4-D on cytology of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek. International Journal of Experimental Research and Review, 30, 276-281. https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v30.025

Jain, H. K., & Mehra, K. L. (1980). Evolution, adaptation, relationships, and uses of the species of Vigna cultivated in India (Richmond: Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew), pp. 459–468.

Kanishka, R., Gayacharan, Basavaraja, T., Rahul, C., & Rana, J. C. (2023). Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia): a minor legume with major potential to address global agricultural challenges. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1179547

Kochhar, S. L. (2016). Mat or moth bean [Phaseolus aconitifolius] in Economic botany: a comprehensive study, 430, Ed. Kochhar (Cambridge Univ. Press), 5th edition, pp.167–195.

Panicker, S., &Hamdule, A. (2021). Analysis of medicinal properties of Vigna aconitifolia (Matki). Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res., 14(5), 79. https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i5.41186

Pugalenthi, M., Vadivel, V., & Siddhuraju, P. (2005). Alternative food/feed perspectives of an underutilized legume Mucuna pruriens var. utilis–a review. Plant foods Hum. Nutr., 60(4), 201–218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-005-8620-4

Senthilkumar, T., & Ngadi, M. (2020). Moth bean. In: Manickavasagan A, Thirunathan P, editors. Pulses. Cham: Springer. pp. 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41376-7_11

Singh, M., & Krikorian, A. D. (1982). Inhibition of trypsin activity in vitro by phytate. J. Agric. Food Chem., 30(4), 799–800. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00112a049

Viswanatha, K. P., Kumar, D., Ramavtar, S., & Kumar, D. (2016). Improvement of minor pulses and their role in alleviating malnutrition. Indian J. Genet. Plant Breed, 76(4), 593–607. https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-6906.2016.00075.4

Venipriyadharshini, L. & Kavitha, K. (2022). Substantial Contrariety on Gross Nutritional Profile of Ungerminated and Germinated Vigna aconitifolia. AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America, AMA, 53(12), 10755.

Verma, N., Sehrawat, K. D., Sehrawat, A. R., & Pandey, D. (2021). Effective green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles from seaweed treated sprouts of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia Jacq.). Regen. Eng. Transl. Med., 8, 152–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40883-021-00217-y