Densitometric HPTLC analysis of the Acacia catechu wild fractions for phenolics

Reshma Pawar; A. Balasubramaniam

doi:10.52756/ijerr.2023.v32.022

Reshma Pawar Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Vels University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8788-0023
A. Balasubramaniam Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Vels University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-0507

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v32.022

Keywords: Acacia catechu, Protocatechuic acid, Gallic acid, HPTLC

Abstract

Traditional "Ayurvedic" medicine from India has traditionally used Acacia catechu. The herbal extract is the primary component, although there have been no attempts to standardize it as an active agent or marker. A chromatographic fingerprint represents the chemical components of herbal remedies that are therapeutically advantageous. This study suggests utilizing an HPTLC approach to assess phenols like protocatechuic acid and gallic acid in Acacia catechu extract fractions made of water, ethyl acetate, and butanol. According to the study, protocatechuic acid (11.85%) in the water fraction of the Acacia catechu is more concentrated than gallic acid (6.92%). In contrast, the ethyl acetate fraction contains more gallic acid (11%) and less protocatechuic acid (4.10%). However, the butanol fraction only has 6.62% gallic acid. By the Folin-Coicalteu method, total phenolic content was determined, and antioxidant activity of all fractions was resolute using the DPPH method. It was discovered that ethyl acetate fraction had higher phenolic content (211 mg/g) than aqueous fraction (129 mg/g) and butanol fraction (101.2 mg/g). Ethyl acetate fraction has more potent antioxidant activity than water and Butanol fractions. The research emphasizes the potential of this methodology for efficient and economical phenolic profiling, which may aid in the assessment and use of A. catechu in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical sectors.

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