Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Different Antioxidant Enzymes in  Growing Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seedlings

Rohit Kumar Ghosh; Prity Basak; Ankita Ghosh; Bhaskar Choudhury

doi:10.52756/ijerr.2023.v36.020

Rohit Kumar Ghosh Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata-700114, West Bengal, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0869-1671
Prity Basak Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata-700114, West Bengal, India https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8726-7273
Ankita Ghosh Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata-700114, West Bengal, India https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6417-2108
Bhaskar Choudhury Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata-700114, West Bengal, India https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6417-2108

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v36.020

Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes, Cadmium, heavy metal stress, phosphatase enzyme, photosynthetic pigments, Wheat

Abstract

Assessing the impact of Cadmium (Cd) on plant cells requires an understanding of the defensive mechanisms and adaptive responses employed by plants to counteract the deleterious effects of Cd toxicity. Wheat seedlings were grown under different concentrations (0 µM, 100 µM and 500 µM) of Cadmium salt (CdCl2). The growth of metal-treated seedlings was significantly affected. This study evaluated the ecotoxicological effects of two experimental concentrations of Cadmium (100 µM and 500 µM) against water control. It has been examined in recent studies that the toxic effects of Cadmium comprising the variables in fresh weight, dry weight and germination percentage of the wheat seedlings, photosynthesis and enzymatic activities in different stresses after seven days of cadmium exposure on roots and shoots of wheat seedling. Different antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid oxidase (AOX), catechol peroxidase (CPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid and alkaline phosphatase and inorganic pyrophosphatase have been measured. The various enzyme activities were increased in roots treated with high concentrations (500 µM) of Cadmium but decreased at low concentrations (100 µM) with respect to water control. This result indicated a complex defense mechanism in the root tissues induced by Cadmium. This work provides valuable insights for future research on plant responses to heavy metal stress and advances our understanding of the complex relationship between Cd toxicity and the antioxidant defense system in wheat seedlings.

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