Fish behavioural changes in exploited ecosystems: A laboratory study
Keywords:
Ecosystem, eutrophication, fish behaviour, Oreochromis niloticusAbstract
Water the natural biota of fish has been exploited by multifarious anthropogenic activities resulting in chronic pollution of the hydrosphere. One such mode of pollution is the enrichment of water bodies by nutrients. It can be of a natural origin (natural eutrophication) but is often dramatically increased by human activities (cultural or anthropogenic eutrophication). There are three main sources of anthropogenic nutrient input: erosion and leaching from fertilized agricultural areas, and sewage from cities and industrial waste water. Further indiscriminate use of shampoos and detergents also cause water pollution. These compounds affect the water quality and in turn the fish and their behaviour. Deviation from normal behaviour is the first sign of some internal physiological stress. This study investigates the effect of cultural eutrophication together with shampoos and detergents on the behavioural pattern of Oreochromis niloticus. Observations were done on the food response, opercular activity, and swim patterns. Behaviours of fish in eutrophic and detergent contaminated waters were compared with weight matched controls under laboratory conditions.
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