Phytochemical analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)

Swapan Mandal

Authors

Swapan Mandal Department of Botany, Brahmananda Keshab Chandra College, 111/2 B. T. Road, Bonhooghly, Kolkata- 700108, West Bengal, India

Keywords:

Edible oils, fat, minerals and vitamins, protein, reducing sugar

Abstract

Groundnut is among the major world oil seed crops which are the rich source of edible oils and provide a more valuable source of fat, protein, carbohydrate, minerals and some vitamins than any other nut, yet they are often the least expensive as well. Groundnut is an underexploited nut largely consumed by the worldwide including India with its high energy value and also suitable for wide variety of agro ecological conditions. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the content of fat, protein, sugar, minerals, etc. in the seeds of groundnut variety TG 51 (tolerant to stem rot, released by BARC, Mumbai on 2008 & authenticated by Directorate of Oil seeds Research, ICAR, Hyderabad for Ravi summer season of West Bengal) were processed for experiment, at the Cell & Tissue Culture Wing, Department of Botany of Kalyani University, Nadia, India during the period of 2010 - 2014. The groundnut seeds were cleaned and stored properly at room temperature prior to their use in actual experiment. The proximate analysis revealed that the seeds contained 44.83(%) total lipid, 25.03(%) protein, 15.23 (%) total carbohydrate, 1.02 mg cupper, 162 mg manganese, 3.09 mg zinc, 16 mg sodium, 698 mg potassium, 1.802 mg magnesium and 03.98 mg iron. The phosphorus content (74 mg) was higher than the calcium (91 mg). The major portions of carbohydrate of the seed were present in non reducing form. Therefore, groundnuts may help to play a significant role in human nutrition.

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