Population dynamics on soil insects in Greater Kolkata, West Bengal: A review
Keywords:
Deleterious effects, soil fertility, soil insects, research works, urbanizationAbstract
Soil is the natural habitat for microorganisms, plants and animals. Insects are the most diverse groups of organisms on earth and have adapted a wide range of habitats. Soil is the weathered surface of the earth’s crust which mixed with organic material and in which organisms live and plants grow. The soil insects play a significant role in soil ecosystem. They decompose dead materials, thereby help in nutrient cycling into the ecosystem and also act as an important bio-indicator of environmental changes. Different anthropogenic activities not only affect the soil insect communities but also create a diversified effect on other soil organisms and the soil as a whole. In Kolkata, the uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization affect the soil ecosystem. Particularly the vehicular exhaust containing the heavy metal lead cause enormous changes in the soil insect communities. An understanding of the deleterious effect of urbanization and industrialization on soil insects and of the importance of these organisms to soil ecology is still in its infancy. The present article is a review on the facts related with soil insect communities and the research work done in this field with reference to greater Kolkata.
References
Blokker, P. C. (1972). A literature survey on some health aspects of lead emissions from gasoline engines. Atmos. Environ. 6: 1.
Booth, R. G., Cox, M. L . and Madge, R. B. (1979). International Institute of Entomology, the Natural History Museum, United Kingdom. Burges, A. and Raw, F. (1967). Soil Biology, Academic Press, London. Pp. 532.
Doeksen, J. and Drift, J. (1963). Van der, Soil Organisms, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam. Pp. 453.
Edwards, C. A. and Veeresh, G. K. (1978). Soil Biol. & Ecol. in India. University of Agricultural Sciences, Technical Series No. 22, Bangalore. Pp. 344.
Ewing , B. B. and Pearson, J. E. (1974). Lead in the environment. Advan. Environ. Set Technol. 3:1 Farb, P. (1959). Living Earth, Haper and Brothers, New York. Pp. 178.
Ghosh, S. N., Chattopadhyay, A. and Bhattacharyya, D. K. (2007). Studies on roadside soil of ants (Hymenoptera : Formicidae ) of Kolkata with reference to the effects of lead emitted through automobile exhaust . Rec. Zool. Surv. India. 257: 1-149.
Graff, O. and Satchell, J. E. (1967). Progress in Soil Biology, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amstermdam. Pp. 656.
Haar, G. T. (1975). Environmental Lead and Its Effect on Man: Sources and Pathways. Paper presented, Annual Meeting, Amer. Assoc. Advan. SC. New York, Jan. 26-31. Pp. 27.
Hankin, L. (1972). Lead poisoning—a disease of time. J. Milk Food Technol. 35: 86.
Huhta, V. (2007). The role of soil fauna in ecosystems: a historical review. Pedabiologea. 50(6): 489–495.
Imam, I., Mazumder, A., Mallick, K., Mitra, S., Das, P. (2016). Diversity of ground dwelling insect faunal in the sacred groves of Purulia district, West Bengal. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 4(1): 474-478.
Jana, D., Tamili, D. K. and Chakraborty, S. K. (2014a). Diversity of Dragonflies (Insecta : Odonata) in Contrasting Coastal Environment Of Midnapore (East), West Bengal, India. A Journal of Radix International Educational and Research Consortium. 3(4): 1-11.
Jana, D., Tamili, D. K. and Chakraborty, S. K. (2014b). Diversity of Hemipteran insects in the coastal and non coastal environment of Midnapore (East), West Bengal, India. Science and Culture. 80(5-6): 173-178.
Jana, D., Das, T. K., Tamili, D. K., Chakraborty, S. K. (2015). Diversity of Orthopteran insects in contrasting coastal environment of Midnapore (East), West Bengal, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies (JEZS) . 3(2): 331-336.
Jana, G., Mishra, K. K. and Bhattacharya, T. (2006). Journal of Insect Conservation . 10(3): 249-260.
Kevan, D. K. (1955). McE, Soil Zoology, Butterworths Scientific Publications, London. pp. 512. Kevan, D. K. (1962). McE., Soil Animals, Philosophical Library, New York. Pp. 237.
Knutsson, G., Backman, L., Hedgren, S., Ruhling, A. and Tyler, G. (1974). Influence of Roads on the Surrounding Nature—A Literature Survey, Statens Naturvardsnerk, Stockholm. Pp. 109.
Krzysztofiak, L. (1986). Contents of copper, zinc and lead in ants Lasius niger (L.) occurring on road side lawns. Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci. Bioi. 34 : 247- 254.
Kumar, U. and Singh, R. (2016). A Retrospection with Reference to Indian Soil. International Journal of Research Studies in Zoology (IJRSZ). 2(3): 17-38.
Lagerwerff, J. W. (1974). Current Research in Heavy Metals in Soil, Sediment and Water: Jan. 1973-Oct. 1974," 2nd Annual NSF Trace Contaminants Conf. Asilomar, CA, Aug. 81: 29-31. Lebrun, P., Andre , H. M., De Medts, A. Gregoire-Wibo, C. and Wauthy, G. (1983). New Trends in Soil Biology, Proc. VIII Int. Coll. Soil Zool. Louvainla-Neuve, Belgium. Pp. 709.
Macfadyen, A. (1957). Animal ecology: Aims and Methods, Pitman, London.Pp. 264.
Maity, P., Roy, S., Chakraborti, U., Biswas, O., Ghosh, J., Gayen, A. K. and Mitra, B. (2016). Insect faunal diversity of Salt Lake City - an urbanized area adjacent to Kolkata, India. Bioscience Discovery. 7(2): 101-112.
Rajak, S. (2017). Bioremediation: Prospects and limitations. International Journal of Experimental Research and Review (IJERR). 10: 15-22.
Singh, J. (1978). Soil fauna studies in India. In: Soil Biol. & Ecol. in India (Ed. Edwards C.A. and Veeresh G.K.), UAS Technical Series No. 22, Bangalore. Pp. 226-235.
Smith, W. H. (1976). Lead Contamination of the Roadside Ecosystem. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association. 26 (8): 753- 766.
Vallee, B. L. and Ulmer, D. D. (1972). Biochemical effects of mercury, cadmium and lead. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 41: 91.
Veeresh, G. K. (1981). Progress in Soil Biol. & Ecol. in India, UAS Technical Series No. 37, Bangalore. pp. 340.
Veeresh, G. K. and Rajagopai, D. (1983). Applied Soil Biol. & Ecol. Sharda Publishers, Bangalore. Pp. 340.
Veeresh, G. K., Rajagopai, D. and Viraktamath, C. K. (1991). Advances in Management and Conservation of Soil Fauna, Oxford and IBH Publishing Col. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Pp. 952.
Wallwork, J. A. (1976). The Distribution and Diversity of Soil Fauna, Academic Press, London. Pp. 355.
Warren, H. V. (1974). Environmental lead: a survey of its posuogical significance. J. Biosoc. Sci. 6: 223.
Warren, M. W. and Zou, X. M. (2002). Soil macrofauna and litter nutrients in three tropical tress plantations on a disturbed site in Puerto Rico. Forest Ecol. and Manag. 170(1-3): 161-171.
Williams, D. D. and Feltmate, B. W. (1992). Aquatic Insects. Wallingford: Chinese journal of agricultural biotechnology International. 782-6: Xiii-358.
Wuorenrinne, H. (1989). Effects of urban pressure on colonies of Formica rufa group (Hyrn. : Formicidae) in the town of Sopoo (Finland). Ann. Zool. 42(13- 17) : 335 - 344.
Booth, R. G., Cox, M. L . and Madge, R. B. (1979). International Institute of Entomology, the Natural History Museum, United Kingdom. Burges, A. and Raw, F. (1967). Soil Biology, Academic Press, London. Pp. 532.
Doeksen, J. and Drift, J. (1963). Van der, Soil Organisms, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam. Pp. 453.
Edwards, C. A. and Veeresh, G. K. (1978). Soil Biol. & Ecol. in India. University of Agricultural Sciences, Technical Series No. 22, Bangalore. Pp. 344.
Ewing , B. B. and Pearson, J. E. (1974). Lead in the environment. Advan. Environ. Set Technol. 3:1 Farb, P. (1959). Living Earth, Haper and Brothers, New York. Pp. 178.
Ghosh, S. N., Chattopadhyay, A. and Bhattacharyya, D. K. (2007). Studies on roadside soil of ants (Hymenoptera : Formicidae ) of Kolkata with reference to the effects of lead emitted through automobile exhaust . Rec. Zool. Surv. India. 257: 1-149.
Graff, O. and Satchell, J. E. (1967). Progress in Soil Biology, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amstermdam. Pp. 656.
Haar, G. T. (1975). Environmental Lead and Its Effect on Man: Sources and Pathways. Paper presented, Annual Meeting, Amer. Assoc. Advan. SC. New York, Jan. 26-31. Pp. 27.
Hankin, L. (1972). Lead poisoning—a disease of time. J. Milk Food Technol. 35: 86.
Huhta, V. (2007). The role of soil fauna in ecosystems: a historical review. Pedabiologea. 50(6): 489–495.
Imam, I., Mazumder, A., Mallick, K., Mitra, S., Das, P. (2016). Diversity of ground dwelling insect faunal in the sacred groves of Purulia district, West Bengal. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 4(1): 474-478.
Jana, D., Tamili, D. K. and Chakraborty, S. K. (2014a). Diversity of Dragonflies (Insecta : Odonata) in Contrasting Coastal Environment Of Midnapore (East), West Bengal, India. A Journal of Radix International Educational and Research Consortium. 3(4): 1-11.
Jana, D., Tamili, D. K. and Chakraborty, S. K. (2014b). Diversity of Hemipteran insects in the coastal and non coastal environment of Midnapore (East), West Bengal, India. Science and Culture. 80(5-6): 173-178.
Jana, D., Das, T. K., Tamili, D. K., Chakraborty, S. K. (2015). Diversity of Orthopteran insects in contrasting coastal environment of Midnapore (East), West Bengal, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies (JEZS) . 3(2): 331-336.
Jana, G., Mishra, K. K. and Bhattacharya, T. (2006). Journal of Insect Conservation . 10(3): 249-260.
Kevan, D. K. (1955). McE, Soil Zoology, Butterworths Scientific Publications, London. pp. 512. Kevan, D. K. (1962). McE., Soil Animals, Philosophical Library, New York. Pp. 237.
Knutsson, G., Backman, L., Hedgren, S., Ruhling, A. and Tyler, G. (1974). Influence of Roads on the Surrounding Nature—A Literature Survey, Statens Naturvardsnerk, Stockholm. Pp. 109.
Krzysztofiak, L. (1986). Contents of copper, zinc and lead in ants Lasius niger (L.) occurring on road side lawns. Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci. Bioi. 34 : 247- 254.
Kumar, U. and Singh, R. (2016). A Retrospection with Reference to Indian Soil. International Journal of Research Studies in Zoology (IJRSZ). 2(3): 17-38.
Lagerwerff, J. W. (1974). Current Research in Heavy Metals in Soil, Sediment and Water: Jan. 1973-Oct. 1974," 2nd Annual NSF Trace Contaminants Conf. Asilomar, CA, Aug. 81: 29-31. Lebrun, P., Andre , H. M., De Medts, A. Gregoire-Wibo, C. and Wauthy, G. (1983). New Trends in Soil Biology, Proc. VIII Int. Coll. Soil Zool. Louvainla-Neuve, Belgium. Pp. 709.
Macfadyen, A. (1957). Animal ecology: Aims and Methods, Pitman, London.Pp. 264.
Maity, P., Roy, S., Chakraborti, U., Biswas, O., Ghosh, J., Gayen, A. K. and Mitra, B. (2016). Insect faunal diversity of Salt Lake City - an urbanized area adjacent to Kolkata, India. Bioscience Discovery. 7(2): 101-112.
Rajak, S. (2017). Bioremediation: Prospects and limitations. International Journal of Experimental Research and Review (IJERR). 10: 15-22.
Singh, J. (1978). Soil fauna studies in India. In: Soil Biol. & Ecol. in India (Ed. Edwards C.A. and Veeresh G.K.), UAS Technical Series No. 22, Bangalore. Pp. 226-235.
Smith, W. H. (1976). Lead Contamination of the Roadside Ecosystem. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association. 26 (8): 753- 766.
Vallee, B. L. and Ulmer, D. D. (1972). Biochemical effects of mercury, cadmium and lead. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 41: 91.
Veeresh, G. K. (1981). Progress in Soil Biol. & Ecol. in India, UAS Technical Series No. 37, Bangalore. pp. 340.
Veeresh, G. K. and Rajagopai, D. (1983). Applied Soil Biol. & Ecol. Sharda Publishers, Bangalore. Pp. 340.
Veeresh, G. K., Rajagopai, D. and Viraktamath, C. K. (1991). Advances in Management and Conservation of Soil Fauna, Oxford and IBH Publishing Col. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Pp. 952.
Wallwork, J. A. (1976). The Distribution and Diversity of Soil Fauna, Academic Press, London. Pp. 355.
Warren, H. V. (1974). Environmental lead: a survey of its posuogical significance. J. Biosoc. Sci. 6: 223.
Warren, M. W. and Zou, X. M. (2002). Soil macrofauna and litter nutrients in three tropical tress plantations on a disturbed site in Puerto Rico. Forest Ecol. and Manag. 170(1-3): 161-171.
Williams, D. D. and Feltmate, B. W. (1992). Aquatic Insects. Wallingford: Chinese journal of agricultural biotechnology International. 782-6: Xiii-358.
Wuorenrinne, H. (1989). Effects of urban pressure on colonies of Formica rufa group (Hyrn. : Formicidae) in the town of Sopoo (Finland). Ann. Zool. 42(13- 17) : 335 - 344.
Downloads
Published
2017-06-30
How to Cite
Roy, C., Paul, S. K., Choudhury, K. D., & Dey, S. R. (2017). Population dynamics on soil insects in Greater Kolkata, West Bengal: A review. International Journal of Experimental Research and Review, 11, 35–42. Retrieved from https://qtanalytics.in/journals/index.php/IJERR/article/view/1273
Issue
Section
Articles
